NineSquared was engaged by the Department of Transport and Main Roads to undertake a review of Queensland’s rail freight arrangements in western and south-western Queensland. Our role required a review of existing modal share between road and rail freight, and the underlying factors in determining current and future anticipated modal share. We conducted a literature review of recent studies outlining the key challenges in shifting freight from road to rail, and overlaid these findings with the Queensland Government’s indicative policy position for rail investment in Queensland. Our engagement focussed on delivery of a report to the Department outlining the key commercial options to increase rail freight modal share, and recommendation of a preferred option for further analysis and government consideration.